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  • Founded by Jim and Marilyn Simons, we’re a private philanthropy advancing mathematics and basic science.

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Bringing people and ideas together to fund, conduct, and share transformative science.

Our grants advance knowledge and strengthen connections between science and society.

Discover the latest news, research, and updates.

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We convene scientists, mathematicians, and thinkers to share ideas and explore new questions.

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  • Presidential Lectures
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Founded by Jim and Marilyn Simons, we’re a private philanthropy advancing mathematics and basic science.

Work with us on the frontier of basic science research.

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The Flatiron Institute is a research center that uses computational science to advance fields like physics, biology, and astronomy.

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Featured

Dissecting mechanisms of hyperarousal in autism and related disorders using the Simons Sleep Project

Funded Work

Gravity Follows Newton’s and Einstein’s Rules, Even at Cosmic Scales

April 15, 2026

Scientists Capture Superconductivity’s ‘Dancing Pairs’ for First Time, Filling Gap in Decades-Old Theory

April 15, 2026

How SURFiN Fellowships Jump-Started These 3 Neuroscience Students’ STEM Careers

March 18, 2026

Topology and Complexity

November 19, 2014

Results

  1. Catalyzing next-generation Artificial Intelligence through NeuroAI

    Publication
  2. Fastest-ever calcium sensors broaden the potential of neuronal imaging

    Publication
  3. A modular architecture for organizing, processing and sharing neurophysiology data

    Publication
  4. Pyramidal cell types drive functionally distinct cortical activity patterns during decision-making

    Publication
  5. Choice selective inhibition drives stability and competition in decision circuits

    Publication
  6. The implications of categorical and category-free mixed selectivity on representational geometries

    Publication
  7. Next-generation brain observatories

    Publication
  8. Mice alternate between discrete strategies during perceptual decision-making

    Publication
    Classical models of perceptual decision-making assume that subjects use a single, consistent strategy to form decisions, or that decision-making strategies evolve slowly over time. Here we …
  9. Large-scale neural recordings call for new insights to link brain and behavior

    Publication
    Neuroscientists today can measure activity from more neurons than ever before, and are facing the challenge of connecting these brain-wide neural recordings to computation and behavior. In …
  10. Lapses in perceptual decisions reflect exploration

    Publication
    Perceptual decision-makers often display a constant rate of errors independent of evidence strength. These 'lapses' are treated as a nuisance arising from noise tangential to the decision …
  11. Chronic, cortex-wide imaging of specific cell populations during behavior

    Publication
  12. Standardized and reproducible measurement of decision-making in mice

    Publication
    Progress in science requires standardized assays whose results can be readily shared, compared, and reproduced across laboratories. Reproducibility, however, has been a concern in neuroscience, particularly for measurements …
  13. Implanting and Recycling Neuropixels Probes for Recordings in Freely Moving Mice

    Publication
    Recording neural activity in unrestricted animals is necessary to unravel the neural basis of ethological behaviors. Recently, Neuropixels probes have made important strides in improving yield and lowering …
  14. Lapses in perceptual decisions reflect exploration

    Publication
    Perceptual decision-makers often display a constant rate of errors independent of evidence strength. These 'lapses' are treated as a nuisance arising from noise tangential to the decision …
  15. Citric Acid Water as an Alternative to Water Restriction for High-Yield Mouse Behavior

    Publication
    Powerful neural measurement and perturbation tools have positioned mice as an ideal species for probing the neural circuit mechanisms of cognition. Crucial to this success is the ability …
  16. BRICseq Bridges Brain-wide Interregional Connectivity to Neural Activity and Gene Expression in Single Animals.

    Publication
    Comprehensive analysis of neuronal networks requires brain-wide measurement of connectivity, activity, and gene expression. Although high-throughput methods are available for mapping brain-wide activity and transcriptomes …
  17. Localized semi-nonnegative matrix factorization (LocaNMF) of widefield calcium imaging data.

    Publication
    Widefield calcium imaging enables recording of large-scale neural activity across the mouse dorsal cortex. In order to examine the relationship of these neural signals to the resulting …
  18. Excitatory and Inhibitory Subnetworks Are Equally Selective during Decision-Making and Emerge Simultaneously during Learning.

    Publication
    Inhibitory neurons, which play a critical role in decision-making models, are often simplified as a single pool of non-selective neurons lacking connection specificity. This assumption is …
  19. Harnessing behavioral diversity to understand neural computations for cognition

    Publication
    With the increasing acquisition of large-scale neural recordings comes the challenge of inferring the computations they perform and understanding how these give rise to behavior. Here, we …
  20. Single-trial neural dynamics are dominated by richly varied movements.

    Publication
    When experts are immersed in a task, do their brains prioritize task-related activity? Most efforts to understand neural activity during well-learned tasks focus on cognitive computations …
  21. Chronically-implanted Neuropixels probes enable high yield recordings in freely moving mice.

    Publication
    The advent of high-yield electrophysiology using Neuropixels probes is now enabling researchers to simultaneously record hundreds of neurons with remarkably high signal to noise. However, these probes …
  22. Perceptual Decision-Making: A Field in the Midst of a Transformation

    Publication
    Major changes are underway in the field of perceptual decision-making. Single-neuron studies have given way to population recordings with identified cell types, traditional analyses have been …
  23. Visual evidence accumulation guides decision-making in unrestrained mice

    Publication
    The ability to manipulate neural activity with precision is an asset in uncovering neural circuits for decision-making. Diverse tools for manipulating neurons are available for mice, but …
  24. Decision-making behaviors: weighing ethology, complexity, and sensorimotor compatibility

    Publication
    Rodent decision-making research aims to uncover the neural circuitry underlying the ability to evaluate alternatives and select appropriate actions. Designing behavioral paradigms that provide a solid foundation …
  25. Posterior parietal cortex guides visual decisions in rats.

    Publication
    Neurons in putative decision-making structures can reflect both sensory and decision signals, making their causal role in decisions unclear. Here, we tested whether rat posterior parietal cortex …

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