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  • Founded by Jim and Marilyn Simons, we’re a private philanthropy advancing mathematics and basic science.

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Bringing people and ideas together to fund, conduct, and share transformative science.

Our grants advance knowledge and strengthen connections between science and society.

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Founded by Jim and Marilyn Simons, we’re a private philanthropy advancing mathematics and basic science.

Work with us on the frontier of basic science research.

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The Flatiron Institute is a research center that uses computational science to advance fields like physics, biology, and astronomy.

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Featured

Dissecting mechanisms of hyperarousal in autism and related disorders using the Simons Sleep Project

Funded Work

Gravity Follows Newton’s and Einstein’s Rules, Even at Cosmic Scales

April 15, 2026

Scientists Capture Superconductivity’s ‘Dancing Pairs’ for First Time, Filling Gap in Decades-Old Theory

April 15, 2026

How SURFiN Fellowships Jump-Started These 3 Neuroscience Students’ STEM Careers

March 18, 2026

Topology and Complexity

November 19, 2014

Results

  1. An approximate line attractor in the hypothalamus encodes an aggressive state

    Publication
  2. Transformations of neural representations in a social behaviour network

    Publication
    Mating and aggression are innate social behaviours that are controlled by subcortical circuits in the extended amygdala and hypothalamus1-4. The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNSTpr …
  3. Make war not love: The neural substrate underlying a state-dependent switch in female social behavior

    Publication
    Female mice exhibit opposing social behaviors toward males depending on their reproductive state: virgins display sexual receptivity (lordosis behavior), while lactating mothers attack. How a change in reproductive …
  4. The Mouse Action Recognition System (MARS) software pipeline for automated analysis of social behaviors in mice

    Publication
    The study of naturalistic social behavior requires quantification of animals' interactions. This is generally done through manual annotation-a highly time-consuming and tedious process. Recent advances in …
  5. The Mouse Action Recognition System (MARS) software pipeline for automated analysis of social behaviors in mice

    Publication
    The study of naturalistic social behavior requires quantification of animals' interactions. This is generally done through manual annotation-a highly time-consuming and tedious process. Recent advances in …
  6. A circuit logic for sexually shared and dimorphic aggressive behaviors in Drosophila

    Publication
    Aggression involves both sexually monomorphic and dimorphic actions. How the brain implements these two types of actions is poorly understood. We have identified three cell types that regulate …
  7. Distinct hypothalamic control of same- and opposite-sex mounting behaviour in mice

    Publication
    … VMHvlESR1 neurons, respectively. Thus, similar behaviours that express different internal states are encoded by distinct hypothalamic neuronal populations.
  8. Stimulus-specific hypothalamic encoding of a persistent defensive state

    Publication
    Persistent neural activity in cortical, hippocampal, and motor networks has been described as mediating working memory for transiently encountered stimuli1,2. Internal emotional states, such as fear, also …
  9. Neurons that Function within an Integrator to Promote a Persistent Behavioral State in Drosophila.

    Publication
    Innate behaviors involve both reflexive motor programs and enduring internal states, but how these responses are coordinated by the brain is not clear. In Drosophila, male-specific P1 …
  10. Computational Neuroethology: A Call to Action.

    Publication
    The brain is worthy of study because it is in charge of behavior. A flurry of recent technical advances in measuring and quantifying naturalistic behaviors provide an important …
  11. A Brain Module for Scalable Control of Complex, Multi-motor Threat Displays.

    Publication
    Threat displays are a universal feature of agonistic interactions. Whether threats are part of a continuum of aggressive behaviors or separately controlled remains unclear. We analyze threats in …
  12. A Circuit Node that Integrates Convergent Input from Neuromodulatory and Social Behavior-Promoting Neurons to Control Aggression in Drosophila

    Publication
    Diffuse neuromodulatory systems such as norepinephrine (NE) control brain-wide states such as arousal, but whether they control complex social behaviors more specifically is not clear. Octopamine (OA …

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