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  • Founded by Jim and Marilyn Simons, we’re a private philanthropy advancing mathematics and basic science.

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Bringing people and ideas together to fund, conduct, and share transformative science.

Our grants advance knowledge and strengthen connections between science and society.

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We convene scientists, mathematicians, and thinkers to share ideas and explore new questions.

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Founded by Jim and Marilyn Simons, we’re a private philanthropy advancing mathematics and basic science.

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The Flatiron Institute is a research center that uses computational science to advance fields like physics, biology, and astronomy.

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Featured

Dissecting mechanisms of hyperarousal in autism and related disorders using the Simons Sleep Project

Funded Work

Gravity Follows Newton’s and Einstein’s Rules, Even at Cosmic Scales

April 15, 2026

Scientists Capture Superconductivity’s ‘Dancing Pairs’ for First Time, Filling Gap in Decades-Old Theory

April 15, 2026

How SURFiN Fellowships Jump-Started These 3 Neuroscience Students’ STEM Careers

March 18, 2026

Results

  1. ​From stuff to things: Responses of neurons in macaque V4 to textures and objects

    Publication
    Humans and monkeys can rapidly recognize objects in everyday scenes. It is not fully understood where this computation arises, but previous work suggests selectivity for object shape first …
  2. Variations in neuronal selectivity create efficient representational codes

    Publication
    Our visual capabilities depend on neural response properties in visual areas of our brains. Neurons exhibit a wide variety of selective response properties, but the reasons for this …
  3. Variations in neuronal selectivity create efficient representational geometries for perception

    Publication
    Our visual capabilities depend on neural response properties in visual areas of our brains. Neurons exhibit a wide variety of selective response properties, but the reasons for this …
  4. Foundations of visual form selectivity in macaque areas V1 and V2

    Publication
    Neurons early in the primate visual cortical pathway generate responses by combining signals from other neurons: some from downstream areas, some from within the same area, and others …
  5. Neuronal and Behavioral Responses to Naturalistic Texture Images in Macaque Monkeys

    Publication
    The visual world is richly adorned with texture, which can serve to delineate important elements of natural scenes. In anesthetized macaque monkeys, selectivity for the statistical features of …
  6. Mapping models of V1 and V2 selectivity with local spectral reverse correlation

    Publication
    Neurons in macaque area V2 respond selectively to higher-order visual features, such as the quasi-periodic structure of natural texture, but it is unknown how selectivity for …
  7. Contrast and Luminance Gain Control in the Macaque's Lateral Geniculate Nucleus

    Publication
  8. Sensitivity to naturalistic texture relies primarily on high spatial frequencies

    Publication
  9. Laminar differences in responses to naturalistic texture in macaque V1 and V2.

    Publication
    … in V1. However, sensitivity in V1 is higher in the laminae (extragranular) and recording modalities (local field potential) most likely affected by V2 connections, suggesting a feedback …
  10. Compound stimuli reveal the structure of visual motion selectivity in macaque MT neurons.

    Publication
    Motion selectivity in primary visual cortex (V1) is approximately separable in orientation, spatial frequency, and temporal frequency ("frequency-separable"). Models for area MT neurons posit that their selectivity …
  11. Altered functional interactions between neurons in primary visual cortex of macaque monkeys with experimental amblyopia.

    Publication
    Amblyopia, a disorder in which vision through one of the eyes is degraded, arises because of defective processing of information by the visual system. Amblyopia often develops in …
  12. Responses of neurons in macaque MT to unikinetic plaids.

    Publication
    … tuned only for the individual components of moving targets.
  13. From basic brain research to treating human brain disorders.

    Publication
  14. Slow gain fluctuations limit benefits of temporal integration in visual cortex.

    Publication
    Sensory neurons represent stimulus information with sequences of action potentials that differ across repeated measurements. This variability limits the information that can be extracted from momentary observations of …
  15. Contextual modulation of sensitivity to naturalistic image structure in macaque V2.

    Publication
    The stimulus selectivity of neurons in V1 is well known, as is the finding that their responses can be affected by visual input to areas outside of the …
  16. Altered balance of receptive field excitation and suppression in visual cortex of amblyopic macaque monkeys.

    Publication
    … signals is altered. The excitatory influence of the two eyes is imbalanced to a degree that can be predicted from the severity of amblyopia, while suppression from …
  17. Dissociation of choice formation and choice-correlated activity in macaque visual cortex.

    Publication

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