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Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental plasma process that converts magnetic energy into bulk flow energy, thermal energy, and nonthermal particle acceleration. Despite its importance, the statistical properties of …

The observation of filamentary X-ray structures near bow-shock pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) -- such as the Guitar, Lighthouse, and PSR J2030$+ …

Particle acceleration in relativistic collisionless shocks remains an open problem in high-energy astrophysics. Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations predict that electron acceleration in weakly magnetized shocks proceeds …

The TeV neutrino signal observed by IceCube from the active galactic nucleus (AGN) NGC 1068 can probe its innermost coronal regions. If these neutrinos originate from hadrons accelerated …

Relativistic magnetic reconnection is a key mechanism for dissipating magnetic energy and accelerating particles in astrophysics. In the absence of radiative cooling, recent particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations …

Understanding the conditions that enable particle acceleration at non-relativistic collisionless shocks is essential to unveil the origin of cosmic rays. We employ 2D and 3D hybrid simulations …

Rapid TeV flares have been observed from the core of the active galaxy M87. These have been attributed to inverse Compton scattering of disk photons by electrons and …

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are extremely energetic radio transients, some are generated in magnetar magnetospheres and winds. Despite a growing number of observations, their emission mechanisms remain elusive …

Magnetic reconnection in current layers that form intermittently in radiatively inefficient accretion flows onto black holes is a promising mechanism for particle acceleration and high-energy emission. It …

Large-amplitude turbulence -- characterized by a fluctuating magnetic field component, \(\delta B\), that is stronger than the mean component, \(B_0\) -- is generically intermittent, populated with intense localized …

Non-jetted AGN exhibit hard X-ray emission with a power law spectrum above $\sim$2 keV, which is thought to be produced through Comptonization of soft photons …

In spider pulsar systems, a relativistic intrabinary shock (IBS) forms when the pulsar wind collides with the massive outflow driven off the pulsar's low-mass stellar companion …

We present a scenario that could explain non-thermal particle acceleration in relativistic quasi-perpendicular electron-positron shocks, such as the termination shock of pulsar wind nebulae. The …

Active galactic nuclei (AGN) can accelerate protons to energies of ∼10─100 TeV, with secondary production of high-energy neutrinos. If the acceleration is driven by magnetized turbulence, the …

Magnetic reconnection—a fundamental plasma physics process, where magnetic field lines of opposite polarity annihilate—is invoked in astrophysical plasmas as a powerful mechanism of nonthermal particle acceleration …

The physics of turbulence in magnetized plasmas remains an unresolved problem. The most poorly understood aspect is intermittency—spatiotemporal fluctuations superimposed on the self-similar turbulent motions. We …

The origins of the magnetic fields that power gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow emission are not fully understood. One possible channel for generating these fields involves the pre …

Astrophysical relativistic outflows are launched as Poynting-flux dominated, yet the mechanism governing efficient magnetic dissipation, which powers the observed emission, is still poorly understood. We study magnetic …

We propose novel numerical schemes based on the Boris method in curved spacetime, incorporating both hadronic and radiative interactions for the first time. Once the proton has lost …

Magnetic reconnection in relativistic plasmas - where the magnetization \(\sigma \gg 1\) - is regarded as an efficient particle accelerator, capable of explaining the most dramatic astrophysical flares. We employ …

Using two-dimensional general relativistic resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulations, we investigate the properties of the sheath separating the black hole jet from the surrounding medium. We find that the …

Spider pulsars are binary systems composed of a millisecond pulsar and a low-mass companion. Their X-ray emission, varying with orbital phase, originates from synchrotron radiation produced …

A variety of high-energy astrophysical phenomena are powered by the release—via magnetic reconnection—of the energy stored in oppositely directed fields. Single-fluid resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD …

We study the propagation of electromagnetic waves in tenuous plasmas, where the wave frequency \({\omega }_{0}\) is much larger than the plasma frequency \({\omega }_{P}\). We show that …

Spider pulsars are compact binary systems composed of a millisecond pulsar and a low-mass companion. Their X-ray emission - modulated on the orbital period - is interpreted as …

The cores of active galactic nuclei are potential accelerators of 10–100 TeV cosmic rays, in turn producing high-energy neutrinos. This picture was confirmed by the compelling …

General relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations of black hole tilted disks -- where the angular momentum of the accretion flow at large distances is misaligned with respect to the black …

We study a relativistic collisionless electron-positron shock propagating into an unmagnetized ambient medium using 2D particle-in-cell simulations of unprecedented duration and size. The shock generates …

The recent discovery of astrophysical neutrinos from the Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068 suggests the presence of nonthermal protons within a compact "coronal" region close to the central black …

We perform non-radiative two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations of magnetic reconnection for various strengths of the guide field (perpendicular to the reversing field), in magnetically dominated …