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  • Bringing people and ideas together to fund, conduct, and share transformative science.

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  • Founded by Jim and Marilyn Simons, we’re a private philanthropy advancing mathematics and basic science.

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Bringing people and ideas together to fund, conduct, and share transformative science.

Our grants advance knowledge and strengthen connections between science and society.

Discover the latest news, research, and updates.

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We convene scientists, mathematicians, and thinkers to share ideas and explore new questions.

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Founded by Jim and Marilyn Simons, we’re a private philanthropy advancing mathematics and basic science.

Work with us on the frontier of basic science research.

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The Flatiron Institute is a research center that uses computational science to advance fields like physics, biology, and astronomy.

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Featured

Dissecting mechanisms of hyperarousal in autism and related disorders using the Simons Sleep Project

Funded Work

Gravity Follows Newton’s and Einstein’s Rules, Even at Cosmic Scales

April 15, 2026

Scientists Capture Superconductivity’s ‘Dancing Pairs’ for First Time, Filling Gap in Decades-Old Theory

April 15, 2026

How SURFiN Fellowships Jump-Started These 3 Neuroscience Students’ STEM Careers

March 18, 2026

Results

  1. Coordinated multiplexing of information about separate objects in visual cortex

    Publication
  2. Dynamic task-belief is an integral part of decision-making

    Publication
    Natural decisions involve two seemingly separable processes: inferring the relevant task (task-belief) and performing the believed-relevant task. The assumed separability has led to the traditional practice …
  3. A general decoding strategy explains the relationship between behavior and correlated variability

    Publication
    Improvements in perception are frequently accompanied by decreases in correlated variability in sensory cortex. This relationship is puzzling because overall changes in correlated variability should minimally affect optimal …
  4. Methylphenidate as a causal test of translational and basic neural coding hypotheses

    Publication
    Most systems neuroscience studies fall into one of two categories: basic science work aimed at understanding the relationship between neurons and behavior, or translational work aimed at developing …
  5. Priority coding in the visual system

    Publication
    Although we are continuously bombarded with visual input, only a fraction of incoming visual events is perceived, remembered or acted on. The neural underpinnings of various forms of …
  6. Attention improves information flow between neuronal populations without changing the communication subspace

    Publication
    Visual attention allows observers to change the influence of different parts of a visual scene on their behavior, suggesting that information can be flexibly shared between visual cortex …
  7. Low rank mechanisms underlying flexible visual representations

    Publication
    Neuronal population responses to sensory stimuli are remarkably flexible. The responses of neurons in visual cortex have heterogeneous dependence on stimulus properties (e.g., contrast), processes that affect …
  8. Simultaneous multi-area recordings suggest that attention improves performance by reshaping stimulus representations

    Publication
    Visual attention dramatically improves individuals’ ability to see and modulates the responses of neurons in every known visual and oculomotor area, but whether such modulations can account for …
  9. Circuit Models of Low-Dimensional Shared Variability in Cortical Networks

    Publication
    Trial-to-trial variability is a reflection of the circuitry and cellular physiology that make up a neuronal network. A pervasive yet puzzling feature of cortical circuits is …
  10. Neuronal population mechanisms of lightness perception.

    Publication
    The way that humans and animals perceive the lightness of an object depends on its physical luminance as well as its surrounding context. While neuronal responses throughout the …
  11. Cognition as a Window into Neuronal Population Space.

    Publication
    Understanding how cognitive processes affect the responses of sensory neurons may clarify the relationship between neuronal population activity and behavior. However, tools for analyzing neuronal activity have not …
  12. Learning and attention reveal a general relationship between population activity and behavior.

    Publication
    Prior studies have demonstrated that correlated variability changes with cognitive processes that improve perceptual performance. We tested whether correlated variability covaries with subjects' performance-whether performance improves quickly …
  13. A normalization model suggests that attention changes the weighting of inputs between visual areas

    Publication
    Models of divisive normalization can explain the trial-averaged responses of neurons in sensory, association, and motor areas under a wide range of conditions, including how visual attention …

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