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  • Founded by Jim and Marilyn Simons, we’re a private philanthropy advancing mathematics and basic science.

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Bringing people and ideas together to fund, conduct, and share transformative science.

Our grants advance knowledge and strengthen connections between science and society.

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We convene scientists, mathematicians, and thinkers to share ideas and explore new questions.

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Founded by Jim and Marilyn Simons, we’re a private philanthropy advancing mathematics and basic science.

Work with us on the frontier of basic science research.

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The Flatiron Institute is a research center that uses computational science to advance fields like physics, biology, and astronomy.

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Featured

Dissecting mechanisms of hyperarousal in autism and related disorders using the Simons Sleep Project

Funded Work

Gravity Follows Newton’s and Einstein’s Rules, Even at Cosmic Scales

April 15, 2026

Scientists Capture Superconductivity’s ‘Dancing Pairs’ for First Time, Filling Gap in Decades-Old Theory

April 15, 2026

How SURFiN Fellowships Jump-Started These 3 Neuroscience Students’ STEM Careers

March 18, 2026

Topology and Complexity

November 19, 2014

Results

  1. Catalyzing next-generation Artificial Intelligence through NeuroAI

    Publication
  2. An approximate line attractor in the hypothalamus encodes an aggressive state

    Publication
  3. A unified theory for the computational and mechanistic origins of grid cells

    Publication
    The discovery of entorhinal grid cells has generated considerable interest in how and why hexagonal firing fields might emerge in a generic manner from neural circuits, and what …
  4. Measuring the dimensionality of behavior

    Publication
  5. Neural representational geometry underlies few-shot concept learning

    Publication
  6. Optimal noise level for coding with tightly balanced networks of spiking neurons in the presence of transmission delays

    Publication
  7. Synaptic balancing: A biologically plausible local learning rule that provably increases neural network noise robustness without sacrificing task performance

    Publication
    We introduce a novel, biologically plausible local learning rule that provably increases the robustness of neural dynamics to noise in nonlinear recurrent neural networks with homogeneous nonlinearities. Our …
  8. Noise correlations in neural ensemble activity limit the accuracy of hippocampal spatial representations

    Publication
    Neurons in the CA1 area of the mouse hippocampus encode the position of the animal in an environment. However, given the variability in individual neurons responses, the accuracy …
  9. Recurrent Connections in the Primate Ventral Visual Stream Mediate a Trade-Off Between Task Performance and Network Size During Core Object Recognition

    Publication
    The computational role of the abundant feedback connections in the ventral visual stream is unclear, enabling humans and nonhuman primates to effortlessly recognize objects across a multitude of …
  10. Emergent reliability in sensory cortical coding and inter-area communication

    Publication
    Reliable sensory discrimination must arise from high-fidelity neural representations and communication between brain areas. However, how neocortical sensory processing overcomes the substantial variability of neuronal sensory responses …
  11. Distance-tuned neurons drive specialized path integration calculations in medial entorhinal cortex

    Publication
    During navigation, animals estimate their position using path integration and landmarks, engaging many brain areas. Whether these areas follow specialized or universal cue integration principles remains incompletely understood …
  12. A neural circuit state change underlying skilled movements

    Publication
  13. Coupling of activity, metabolism and behaviour across the Drosophila brain

    Publication
    Coordinated activity across networks of neurons is a hallmark of both resting and active behavioural states in many species1-5. These global patterns alter energy metabolism over seconds …
  14. Fundamental bounds on the fidelity of sensory cortical coding.

    Publication
    How the brain processes information accurately despite stochastic neural activity is a longstanding question1. For instance, perception is fundamentally limited by the information that the brain can extract …
  15. Discovering Precise Temporal Patterns in Large-Scale Neural Recordings through Robust and Interpretable Time Warping.

    Publication
    Though the temporal precision of neural computation has been studied intensively, a data-driven determination of this precision remains a fundamental challenge. Reproducible spike patterns may be obscured …
  16. A deep learning framework for neuroscience.

    Publication
    Systems neuroscience seeks explanations for how the brain implements a wide variety of perceptual, cognitive and motor tasks. Conversely, artificial intelligence attempts to design computational systems based on …
  17. Cortical layer-specific critical dynamics triggering perception.

    Publication
    Perceptual experiences may arise from neuronal activity patterns in mammalian neocortex. We probed mouse neocortex during visual discrimination using a red-shifted channelrhodopsin (ChRmine, discovered through structure-guided …
  18. Accurate Estimation of Neural Population Dynamics without Spike Sorting.

    Publication
    A central goal of systems neuroscience is to relate an organism's neural activity to behavior. Neural population analyses often reduce the data dimensionality to focus on relevant …
  19. A mathematical theory of semantic development in deep neural networks.

    Publication
    An extensive body of empirical research has revealed remarkable regularities in the acquisition, organization, deployment, and neural representation of human semantic knowledge, thereby raising a fundamental conceptual question …
  20. Shared Cortex-Cerebellum Dynamics in the Execution and Learning of a Motor Task.

    Publication
    Throughout mammalian neocortex, layer 5 pyramidal (L5) cells project via the pons to a vast number of cerebellar granule cells (GrCs), forming a fundamental pathway. Yet, it is …
  21. Emergent elasticity in the neural code for space

    Publication
    Upon encountering a novel environment, an animal must construct a consistent environmental map, as well as an internal estimate of its position within that map, by combining information …
  22. Inferring hidden structure in multilayered neural circuits.

    Publication
    A central challenge in sensory neuroscience involves understanding how neural circuits shape computations across cascaded cell layers. Here we attempt to reconstruct the response properties of experimentally unobserved …
  23. Principles governing the integration of landmark and self-motion cues in entorhinal cortical codes for navigation.

    Publication
    To guide navigation, the nervous system integrates multisensory self-motion and landmark information. We dissected how these inputs generate spatial representations by recording entorhinal grid, border and speed …
  24. Unsupervised Discovery of Demixed, Low-Dimensional Neural Dynamics across Multiple Timescales through Tensor Component Analysis

    Publication
    Perceptions, thoughts, and actions unfold over millisecond timescales, while learned behaviors can require many days to mature. While recent experimental advances enable large-scale and long-term neural …
  25. SuperSpike: Supervised Learning in Multilayer Spiking Neural Networks.

    Publication
    A vast majority of computation in the brain is performed by spiking neural networks. Despite the ubiquity of such spiking, we currently lack an understanding of how biological …
  26. Cell types for our sense of location: where we are and where we are going.

    Publication
    Technological advances in profiling cells along genetic, anatomical and physiological axes have fomented interest in identifying all neuronal cell types. This goal nears completion in specialized circuits such …
  27. The temporal paradox of Hebbian learning and homeostatic plasticity.

    Publication
    Hebbian plasticity, a synaptic mechanism which detects and amplifies co-activity between neurons, is considered a key ingredient underlying learning and memory in the brain. However, Hebbian plasticity …
  28. A Multiplexed, Heterogeneous, and Adaptive Code for Navigation in Medial Entorhinal Cortex.

    Publication

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