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  • Bringing people and ideas together to fund, conduct, and share transformative science.

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  • Founded by Jim and Marilyn Simons, we’re a private philanthropy advancing mathematics and basic science.

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Bringing people and ideas together to fund, conduct, and share transformative science.

Our grants advance knowledge and strengthen connections between science and society.

Discover the latest news, research, and updates.

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We convene scientists, mathematicians, and thinkers to share ideas and explore new questions.

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Founded by Jim and Marilyn Simons, we’re a private philanthropy advancing mathematics and basic science.

Work with us on the frontier of basic science research.

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The Flatiron Institute is a research center that uses computational science to advance fields like physics, biology, and astronomy.

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Featured

Dissecting mechanisms of hyperarousal in autism and related disorders using the Simons Sleep Project

Funded Work

Gravity Follows Newton’s and Einstein’s Rules, Even at Cosmic Scales

April 15, 2026

Scientists Capture Superconductivity’s ‘Dancing Pairs’ for First Time, Filling Gap in Decades-Old Theory

April 15, 2026

How SURFiN Fellowships Jump-Started These 3 Neuroscience Students’ STEM Careers

March 18, 2026

Results

  1. Learning shapes cortical dynamics to enhance integration of relevant sensory input

    Publication
    Adaptive sensory behavior is thought to depend on processing in recurrent cortical circuits, but how dynamics in these circuits shapes the integration and transmission of sensory information is …
  2. Independent response modulation of visual cortical neurons by attentional and behavioral states

    Publication
    Sensory processing is influenced by cognitive and behavioral states, but how these states interact to modulate responses of individual neurons is unknown. We trained mice in a visual …
  3. Cortical feedback loops bind distributed representations of working memory

    Publication
    Working memory-the brain's ability to internalize information and use it flexibly to guide behaviour-is an essential component of cognition. Although activity related to working memory …
  4. Emerging principles of spacetime in brains: Meeting report on spatial neurodynamics

    Publication
    How do neurons and networks of neurons interact spatially? Here, we overview recent discoveries revealing how spatial dynamics of spiking and postsynaptic activity efficiently expose and explain fundamental …
  5. Learning and attention increase visual response selectivity through distinct mechanisms

    Publication
    Selectivity of cortical neurons for sensory stimuli can increase across days as animals learn their behavioral relevance and across seconds when animals switch attention. While both phenomena occur …
  6. Mesoscale cortical dynamics reflect the interaction of sensory evidence and temporal expectation during perceptual decision-making

    Publication
  7. Standardized and reproducible measurement of decision-making in mice

    Publication
    Progress in science requires standardized assays whose results can be readily shared, compared, and reproduced across laboratories. Reproducibility, however, has been a concern in neuroscience, particularly for measurements …
  8. The sensory representation of causally controlled objects

    Publication
    Intentional control over external objects is informed by our sensory experience of them. To study how causal relationships are learned and effected, we devised a brain machine interface …
  9. Cortico-cerebellar interactions during goal-directed behavior

    Publication
    Preparatory activity is observed across multiple interconnected brain regions before goal-directed movement. Preparatory activity reflects discrete activity states representing specific future actions. It is unclear how this …
  10. Cerebellar Contribution to Preparatory Activity in Motor Neocortex.

    Publication
    In motor neocortex, preparatory activity predictive of specific movements is maintained by a positive feedback loop with the thalamus. Motor thalamus receives excitatory input from the cerebellum, which …
  11. Locomotion-dependent remapping of distributed cortical networks.

    Publication
    The interactions between neocortical areas are fluid and state-dependent, but how individual neurons couple to cortex-wide network dynamics remains poorly understood. We correlated the spiking of …
  12. Segregated Subnetworks of Intracortical Projection Neurons in Primary Visual Cortex.

    Publication
    The rules by which neurons in neocortex choose their synaptic partners are not fully understood. In sensory cortex, intermingled neurons encode different attributes of sensory inputs and relay …
  13. Predictive Processing: A Canonical Cortical Computation.

    Publication
    This perspective describes predictive processing as a computational framework for understanding cortical function in the context of emerging evidence, with a focus on sensory processing. We discuss how …
  14. Distinct learning-induced changes in stimulus selectivity and interactions of GABAergic interneuron classes in visual cortex.

    Publication
    How learning enhances neural representations for behaviorally relevant stimuli via activity changes of cortical cell types remains unclear. We simultaneously imaged responses of pyramidal cells (PYR) along with …
  15. The logic of single-cell projections from visual cortex.

    Publication
    Neocortical areas communicate through extensive axonal projections, but the logic of information transfer remains poorly understood, because the projections of individual neurons have not been systematically characterized. It …
  16. Assessing the role of inhibition in stabilizing neocortical networks requires large-scale perturbation of the inhibitory population.

    Publication
    … to avoid epileptiform runaway activity (an "inhibition-stabilized network" or "ISN" regime). However, recent experimental results suggest this regime may not exist in cortex. We simulated activity …

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