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First-quantized deep neural network techniques are developed for analyzing strongly coupled fermionic systems on the lattice. Using a Slater-Jastrow inspired ansatz which exploits deep residual networks …

The Lyapunov spectrum of a nonlinear recurrent neural network with random asymmetric couplings is calculated in the limit N→∞. The calculation is based on a finite-N identity …

Humans and monkeys can rapidly recognize objects in everyday scenes. It is not fully understood where this computation arises, but previous work suggests selectivity for object shape first …

We detail the population properties of merging compact objects using 158 mergers from the cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 4.0, which includes three types of binary mergers …

Mapping the local and distant Universe is key to our understanding of it. For decades, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) has made a concerted effort to map …

Finding scientifically interesting phenomena through slow, manual labeling campaigns severely limits our ability to explore the billions of galaxy images produced by telescopes. In this work, we develop …

Rotating non-axisymmetric neutron stars (NSs) are promising sources for continuous gravitational waves (CWs). Such CWs can, if detected, inform us about the internal structure and equation of …

Turbulent Radiative Mixing Layers (TRMLs) are of fundamental importance to the transport of energy and momentum in multi-phase, astrophysical fluids. We use measurements of the "micro" and …

Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental plasma process that converts magnetic energy into bulk flow energy, thermal energy, and nonthermal particle acceleration. Despite its importance, the statistical properties of …

We introduce the KPF SURFS-UP (Spectroscopy of the Upper-atmospheres and ReFractory Species in Ultra-hot Planets) Survey, a high-resolution survey to investigate the atmospheric composition …

Stars form in clusters from the gravitational collapse of giant molecular clouds, which is opposed by a variety of physical processes, including stellar feedback. The interplay between these …

The angular distribution of gravitational-wave power from persistent sources may exhibit anisotropies arising from the large-scale structure of the Universe. This motivates directional searches for astrophysical …

The observation of filamentary X-ray structures near bow-shock pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) -- such as the Guitar, Lighthouse, and PSR J2030$+ …

The element abundances of Milky Way disc stars encode entangled imprints of multiple enrichment processes, making it difficult to uncover the underlying chemical evolution. Here we re-project …

The recent pericentric passage of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) has dislodged the Milky Way's (MW) centre of mass, inducing dynamical disequilibrium, the reflex motion, in the …

Many areas of astrophysics, including exoplanetary studies, rely on precise and accurate stellar parameters. This demands that uncertainties on these parameters truly reflect all biases and systematics. Within …

We present a study of 27 very UV-bright (-22.0

We introduce a method for visual and auditory feedback when exploring the fit of a model to data. Starting with a best-fit curve fit to data, the …

Comparing internal representations is a central goal in neuroscience and machine learning, but standard linear alignment metrics (Representational Similarity Analysis, Centered Kernel Alignment, and linear regression) are frequently …

While humans can identify physically implausible events within milliseconds, machine learning approaches addressing the same problem are extremely slow and expensive. They either rely on external multimodal-LLM …

Visual textures -- spatially homogeneous image regions containing repeated elements (e.g. a field of grass, the bark of a tree) -- are ubiquitous in visual scenes and provide important …

Score-based diffusion models are a powerful class of generative AI systems capable of sampling from complex, high-dimensional probability distributions. Their dynamics consist of a forward diffusion …

We report evidence for a brown-dwarf companion with mass 34+30−11 MJ in the KELT-20 system, in which an ultra-hot Jupiter transits an A2 …

We investigate how pulsar timing array (PTA) measurements of the nanoHertz gravitational-wave background (GWB) can constrain models for the growth history of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and …

We revisit the spectral appearance of extended self-gravitating accretion disks surrounding compact central objects such as supermassive black holes. Using dust-poor opacities, we show that all …

The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC) is a collection of candidate gravitational-wave transient signals identified and characterized by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration. Producing the contents of …

GW230814, detected by the LIGO Livingston observatory with a signal-to-noise ratio of 42.4, represents the loudest gravitational-wave signal in the GWTC-4.0 catalog …

We present a parameterized ("toy") model for shock interaction and γ-ray emission in classical novae, in which a white dwarf envelope of mass Menv is removed over …

Several local (\(z\lesssim 0.2\)) metal-poor dwarf AGNs have remarkably similar properties to those of high-redshift Little Red Dots (LRDs), and are recently proposed to …

Stellar streams are sensitive tracers of low-mass dark matter subhalos and provide a means to test the Cold Dark Matter (CDM) paradigm on small scales. In this …

We present Northern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) observations of the CO (2-1) molecular gas kinematics in the nearby Compton-thick Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 3079, with an …

Does cosmic ray (CR) pressure matter for the circumgalactic medium (CGM)? Despite growing interest, this remains a debated question, complicated by limited observational constraints and differing implementations of …

Particle acceleration in relativistic collisionless shocks remains an open problem in high-energy astrophysics. Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations predict that electron acceleration in weakly magnetized shocks proceeds …

We present the stellar mass-metallicity relation (MZR) and mass-metallicity-star formation relation ("fundamental metallicity relation"; FMR) of 18 massive (log(M/M\(_\odot\)) = 9.5-11 …

Observing the circumgalactic medium (CGM) in emission lines from ionized gas enables direct mapping of its spatial and kinematic structure, offering new insight into the gas flows that …

Atomic hydrogen (HI) is an important component of gas in and around galaxies and forms extended disk-like structures well beyond the extent of starlight. Here we investigate …

Dwarf galaxies are dark matter-dominated systems that are sensitive to feedback and display a diversity of baryonic morphologies. This makes them excellent probes for understanding dark matter …

Standard cosmological analyses typically treat galaxy formation and cosmological parameter inference as decoupled problems, relying on population-level statistics such as clustering, lensing, or halo abundances. However, classical …

The TeV neutrino signal observed by IceCube from the active galactic nucleus (AGN) NGC 1068 can probe its innermost coronal regions. If these neutrinos originate from hadrons accelerated …

We present results from directed searches for continuous gravitational waves from a sample of 15 nearby supernova remnants, likely hosting young neutron star candidates, using data from the …

The formation of a compact accretion disk following a tidal disruption event (TDE) requires that the shocked stellar debris cool efficiently as it settles toward the black hole …

Recent JWST observations reveal massive, UV-bright galaxies at z>10 with little apparent dust attenuation, whereas ALMA detections at z≃7 show similarly massive systems that are …

The galaxy-halo connection traces processes by which galaxies form and evolve. The halo occupation distribution (HOD) describes the relationship between galaxies and their host dark matter haloes …

Physically motivated Gaussian process (GP) kernels for stellar variability, like the commonly used damped, driven simple harmonic oscillators that model stellar granulation and p-mode oscillations, quantify the …

The physical origin of the radial sizes of galaxies and how galaxy sizes are correlated with the properties of their host dark matter halos is an open question …

Elemental abundances in the Milky Way disc trace its star-formation and enrichment history, but predicting these abundances from theory is limited by uncertain nucleosynthetic yields and poorly …

Stellar activity is the main barrier to detecting and/or confirming low-mass/long-period (and Earth-analogue) planets using radial-velocity (RV) measurements. Searching for reliable indicators …