David Karl is the Victor and Peggy Brandstrom Pavel Professor of Microbial Oceanography and director of the Daniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education (C-MORE) at the University of Hawai’i. He co-founded the Hawai’i Ocean Time-series (HOT) program, on which SCOPE is built. Edward DeLong is a professor of oceanography at the University of Hawai’i and a visiting professor at MIT; he has spent most of his career developing molecular biological and genomic approaches to study naturally occurring microbial communities in the ocean.