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  • Bringing people and ideas together to fund, conduct, and share transformative science.

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  • Founded by Jim and Marilyn Simons, we’re a private philanthropy advancing mathematics and basic science.

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Bringing people and ideas together to fund, conduct, and share transformative science.

Our grants advance knowledge and strengthen connections between science and society.

Discover the latest news, research, and updates.

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We convene scientists, mathematicians, and thinkers to share ideas and explore new questions.

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Founded by Jim and Marilyn Simons, we’re a private philanthropy advancing mathematics and basic science.

Work with us on the frontier of basic science research.

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The Flatiron Institute is a research center that uses computational science to advance fields like physics, biology, and astronomy.

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Featured

Dissecting mechanisms of hyperarousal in autism and related disorders using the Simons Sleep Project

Funded Work

Gravity Follows Newton’s and Einstein’s Rules, Even at Cosmic Scales

April 15, 2026

Scientists Capture Superconductivity’s ‘Dancing Pairs’ for First Time, Filling Gap in Decades-Old Theory

April 15, 2026

How SURFiN Fellowships Jump-Started These 3 Neuroscience Students’ STEM Careers

March 18, 2026

Results

  1. Unraveling the Entangled Brain: How Do We Go About It?

    Publication
  2. The tricky business of defining brain functions

    Publication
  3. A call for more clarity around causality in neuroscience

    Publication
    In neuroscience, the term 'causality' is used to refer to different concepts, leading to confusion. Here we illustrate some of those variations, and we suggest names for them …
  4. Priority coding in the visual system

    Publication
    Although we are continuously bombarded with visual input, only a fraction of incoming visual events is perceived, remembered or acted on. The neural underpinnings of various forms of …
  5. Remembering the Past to See the Future

    Publication
    In addition to the role that our visual system plays in determining what we are seeing right now, visual computations contribute in important ways to predicting what we …
  6. Pinpointing the neural signatures of single-exposure visual recognition memory

    Publication
    Memories of the images that we have seen are thought to be reflected in the reduction of neural responses in high-level visual areas such as inferotemporal (IT …
  7. Understanding Image Memorability.

    Publication
    Why are some images easier to remember than others? Here, we review recent developments in our understanding of ‘image memorability’, including its behavioral characteristics, its neural correlates, and …
  8. The integration of visual and target signals in V4 and IT during visual object search

    Publication
    Searching for a specific visual object requires our brain to compare the items in view with a remembered representation of the sought target to determine whether a target …
  9. The integration of visual and target signals in V4 and IT during visual object search.

    Publication
    Searching for a specific visual object requires our brain to compare the items in view with a remembered representation of the sought target to determine whether a target …
  10. Visual novelty, curiosity, and intrinsic reward in machine learning and the brain

    Publication
    A strong preference for novelty emerges in infancy and is prevalent across the animal kingdom. When incorporated into reinforcement-based machine learning algorithms, visual novelty can act as …
  11. Population response magnitude variation in inferotemporal cortex predicts image memorability

    Publication
    Most accounts of image and object encoding in inferotemporal cortex (IT) focus on the distinct patterns of spikes that different images evoke across the IT population. By analyzing …
  12. Rethinking assumptions about how trial and nuisance variability impact neural task performance in a fast processing regime.

    Publication
    Task performance is determined not only by the amount of task-relevant signal present in our brains, but also by the presence of noise, which can arise from …
  13. Inferotemporal cortex multiplexes behaviorally-relevant target match signals and visual representations in a manner that minimizes their interference.

    Publication
    Finding a sought visual target object requires combining visual information about a scene with a remembered representation of the target to create a "target match" signal that indicates …
  14. Single-exposure visual memory judgments are reflected in inferotemporal cortex

    Publication
    Our visual memory percepts of whether we have encountered specific objects or scenes before are hypothesized to manifest as decrements in neural responses in inferotemporal cortex (IT) with …

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