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K2 observations of the weak-lined T Tauri binary V928 Tau A+B show the detection of a single, asymmetric eclipse which may be due to a previously …

Chromodomain helicase DNA-binding 8 (CHD8) is one of the most frequently mutated genes causative of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While its phenotypic spectrum often encompasses macrocephaly and …

Whittington et al. demonstrate how network architectures defined in a spatial context may be useful for inference on different types of relational knowledge. These architectures allow for learning …

Dental caries, the most common chronic infectious disease worldwide, has a complex etiology involving the interplay of microbial and host factors that are not completely understood. In this …

Rapid phasic activity of midbrain dopamine neurons is thought to signal reward prediction errors (RPEs), resembling temporal difference errors used in machine learning. However, recent studies describing slowly …

ndosomal trafficking has emerged as a defective biological pathway in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the pathway is a source of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein accumulation. Nevertheless, the …

Neuronal population responses to sensory stimuli are remarkably flexible. The responses of neurons in visual cortex have heterogeneous dependence on stimulus properties (e.g., contrast), processes that affect …

Complex behaviors are often driven by an internal model, which integrates sensory information over time and facilitates long-term planning to reach subjective goals. A fundamental challenge in …

Aging is a key risk factor for chronic diseases of the elderly. MicroRNAs regulate post-transcriptional gene silencing through base-pair binding on their target mRNAs. We identified …

The recent detection of GW190521 stimulated ideas on how to populate the predicted black hole (BH) pair-instability (PI) mass gap. One proposal is the dynamical merger of …

… decoding a rat position only drops by less than 9% and 4% in RMSE and 95% highest probability coverage area (HPD) performance metrics. Though the marked-point …

An identification is found between meta-learning and the problem of determining the ground state of a randomly generated Hamiltonian drawn from a known ensemble. A model-agnostic …

An important problem in computational neuroscience is to understand how networks of spiking neurons can carry out various computations underlying behavior. Balanced spiking networks (BSNs) provide a powerful …

Most past studies of neural representations and dynamics have focused on recordings from single brain areas. However, growing evidence of brain-wide, parallel representations of cognitive variables suggests …

New neurons are continuously generated in the adult brain through a process called adult neurogenesis. This form of plasticity has been correlated with numerous behavioral and cognitive phenomena …

In cells, cytoskeletal filament networks are responsible for cell movement, growth, and division. Filaments in the cytoskeleton are driven and organized by crosslinking molecular motors. In reconstituted cytoskeletal …

The curse of dimensionality plagues models of reinforcement learning and decision making. The process of abstraction solves this by constructing variables describing features shared by different instances, reducing …

The selectivity of neuronal responses arises from the architecture of excitatory and inhibitory connections. In the primary visual cortex, the selectivity of a neuron in layer 2/3 …

… previously had negative results for SARS-CoV-2 at the beginning of supervised quarantine, and less than 2% of recruits with unknown previous status, tested positive by …

A powerful paradigm to identify neural correlates of consciousness is binocular rivalry, wherein a constant visual stimulus evokes a varying conscious percept. It has recently been suggested that …

In lung cancer, enrichment of the lower airway microbiota with oral commensals commonly occurs and ex vivo models support that some of these bacteria can trigger host transcriptomic …

In the brain, dopamine is thought to drive reward-based learning by signaling temporal difference reward prediction errors (TD errors), a 'teaching signal' used to train computers. Recent …

Galactic outflows have density, temperature, and velocity variations at least as large as that of the multiphase, turbulent interstellar medium (ISM) from which they originate. We have conducted …

We engineered a machine learning approach, MSHub, to enable auto-deconvolution of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) data. We then designed workflows to enable the community to …

Neural activity exhibits complex dynamics related to various brain functions, internal states and behaviors. Understanding how neural dynamics explain specific measured behaviors requires dissociating behaviorally relevant and irrelevant …

Computing sequence similarity is a fundamental task in biology, with alignment forming the basis for the annotation of genes and genomes and providing the core data structures for …

The effective diffusivity of a Brownian tracer in unidirectional flow is well known to be enhanced due to shear by the classic phenomenon of Taylor dispersion. At long …

The visual message conveyed by a retinal ganglion cell (RGC) is often summarized by its spatial receptive field, but in principle also depends on the responses of other …

Gaussian processes (GPs) are commonly used as a model of stochastic variability in astrophysical time series. In particular, GPs are frequently employed to account for correlated stellar variability …

The Bayesian approach to data analysis provides a powerful way to handle uncertainty in all observations, model parameters, and model structure using probability theory. Probabilistic programming languages make …

Multivariate regression techniques are commonly applied to explore the associations between large numbers of outcomes and predictors. In real-world applications, the outcomes are often of mixed types …

Aggressive social interactions are used to compete for limited resources and are regulated by complex sensory cues and the organism's internal state. While both sexes exhibit aggression …

We present a novel numerical scheme for simulating the motion of relativistic charged particles in magnetospheres of compact objects, typically filled with highly magnetized collisionless plasmas. The new …

We present a novel numerical scheme for simulating the motion of relativistic charged particles in magnetospheres of compact objects, typically filled with highly magnetized collisionless plasmas. The new …

The entorhinal cortex is subdivided into anterolateral entorhinal cortex (alERC) and posteromedial entorhinal cortex (pmERC) subregions, which are theorized to support distinct cognitive roles. This distinction is particularly …

We study the cross correlation of damped Ly\(alpha\) systems (DLAs) and their background quasars, using the most updated DLA catalog and the Planck 2018 CMB lensing convergence …